GIT链接远程服务器常规操作及常见问题

一、生成SSH Key

初始化

git config --global user.name "名称或昵称" 
git config --global user.email "你的邮箱"

生成SSH Key

 ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "youremail@example.com"

二、获取KEY

后面的 your_email@youremail.com 改为你在 Github 上注册的邮箱，之后会要求确认路径和输入密码，我们这使用默认的一路回车就行。

成功的话会在 ~/ 下生成 .ssh 文件夹，进去，打开 id_rsa.pub，复制里面的 key。

$ ssh-keygen -t rsa -C "youremail@example.com"
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/Users/tianqixin/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase):    # 直接回车
Enter same passphrase again:                   # 直接回车
Your identification has been saved in /Users/tianqixin/.ssh/id_rsa.
Your public key has been saved in /Users/tianqixin/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:MDKVidPTDXIQoJwoqUmI4LBAsg5XByBlrOEzkxrwARI 429240967@qq.com
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
|E*+.+=**oo       |
|%Oo+oo=o. .      |
|%**.o.o.         |
|OO.  o o         |
|+o+     S        |
|.                |
|                 |
|                 |
|                 |
+----[SHA256]-----+

三、添加SSH密钥

四、验证

ssh -T git@github.com

成功提示：

The authenticity of host 'github.com (52.74.223.119)' can't be established.
RSA key fingerprint is SHA256:nThbg6kXUpJWGl7E1IGOCspRomTxdCARLviKw6E5SY8.
Are you sure you want to continue connecting (yes/no/[fingerprint])? yes                   # 输入 yes
Warning: Permanently added 'github.com,52.74.223.119' (RSA) to the list of known hosts.
Hi tianqixin! You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access. # 成功信息

五、常见问题

1.连接被远程主机关闭，连接由 198.18.1.87 端口 22 关闭

kex_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host
Connection closed by 198.18.1.87 port 22

解决方法：

关闭VPN；

2.你已成功进行身份验证，但 GitHub 不提供 shell 访问权限。

You’ve successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access

解决方法：

删除现有KEY并重新生成
切换为SSH

首先使用 git remote -v 查看远程 URL 地址：

origin https://github.com/balala8/N0va_for_mac.git (fetch) 
origin https://github.com/balala8/N0va_for_mac.git (push)

如果显示为上方情况，则需要更改 URL 链接：

git remote set-url origin git@github.com:balala8/N0va_for_mac.git

之后再次通过 git remote -v 命令查看，显示为下方情况即可。

origin git@github.com:balala8/N0va_for_mac.git (fetch) 
origin git@github.com:balala8/N0va_for_mac.git (push)

之后如果仍提示 You've successfully authenticated, but GitHub does not provide shell access. ，无视即可，这句话仅代表github 不允许 shell 交互而已，实际上已经可以对远程仓库进行操作。